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OBJECTIVE@#To study the preparation and properties of the hyaluronic acid (HA)/α-calcium sulfate hemihydrate (α-CSH)/β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) material (hereinafter referred to as composite material).@*METHODS@#Firstly, the α-CSH was prepared from calcium sulfate dihydrate by hydrothermal method, and the β-TCP was prepared by wet reaction of soluble calcium salt and phosphate. Secondly, the α-CSH and β-TCP were mixed in different proportions (10∶0, 9∶1, 8∶2, 7∶3, 5∶5, and 3∶7), and then mixed with HA solutions with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0%, respectively, at a liquid-solid ratio of 0.30 and 0.35 respectively to prepare HA/α-CSH/ β-TCP composite material. The α-CSH/β-TCP composite material prepared with α-CSH, β-TCP, and deionized water was used as the control. The composite material was analyzed by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, initial/final setting time, degradation, compressive strength, dispersion, injectability, and cytotoxicity.@*RESULTS@#The HA/α-CSH/β-TCP composite material was prepared successfully. The composite material has rough surface, densely packed irregular block particles and strip particles, and microporous structures, with the pore size mainly between 5 and 15 μm. When the content of β-TCP increased, the initial/final setting time of composite material increased, the degradation rate decreased, and the compressive strength showed a trend of first increasing and then weakening; there were significant differences between the composite materials with different α-CSH/β-TCP proportion ( P<0.05). Adding HA improved the injectable property of the composite material, and it showed an increasing trend with the increase of concentration ( P<0.05), but it has no obvious effect on the setting time of composite material ( P>0.05). The cytotoxicity level of HA/α-CSH/β-TCP composite material ranged from 0 to 1, without cytotoxicity.@*CONCLUSION@#The HA/α-CSH/β-TCP composite materials have good biocompatibility. Theoretically, it can meet the clinical needs of bone defect repairing, and may be a new artificial bone material with potential clinical application prospect.
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Calcium Phosphates , Bone and Bones , PhosphatesABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of interlocking intramedullary nail on fixing transverse olecranon fracture. Methods Nine pairs of fresh ulna specimens were collected and the transverse fracture model of olecranon was established. Kirschner wire tension band and interlocking intramedullary nail were used to repair the fracture. Cyclic dynamic tension loads with amplitude of 25 N, mean value of 45 N and frequency of 05 Hz were applied to the triceps tendon under simulated elbow flexion conditions of 30°, 45° and 60°, respectively. The fracture displacements of specimens within 300 cycles were recorded in three groups. ResultsAt 30° flexion angle, the fracture displacement of interlocking intramedullary nail group and Kirschner wire tension band group was (1.831±0.333) mm and (3.723±2.390) mm, respectively. At 45° flexion angle, the fracture displacement of interlocking intramedullary nail group and Kirschner wire tension band group was (1.167±0.374) mm and (2.455±0.609) mm, respectively. At 60° flexion angle, the fracture displacement of interlocking intramedullary nail group and Kirschner wire tension band group was (1.407±0.342) mm and (3.112±1.025) mm, respectively. The fracture displacement of interlocking intramedullary nail was smaller. Conclusions The mechanical properties of interlocking intramedullary nail are better than those of Kirschner wire tension band, and the interlocking intramedullary nail is more stable and firmer for fixing transverse olecranon fracture. Moreover, the interlocking intramedullary nail is installed with the operating tool, thus the operation is more accurate and faster, and the operation efficiency is greatly improved.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a resin composite incorporated with nano-antibacterial inorganic filler containing long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, and to measure its effect on human dental plaque microcosm biofilm.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A novel nano-antibacterial inorganic filler containing long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt was synthesized according to methods introduced in previous research. Samples of the novel nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers were modified by a coupling agent and then added into resin composite at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% or 20% mass fractions; 0% composite was used as control. A flexural test was used to measure resin composite mechanical properties. Results showed that a dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva as inoculum was formed. Colony-forming unit (CFU) counts, lactic acid production, and live/dead assay of biofilm on the resin composite were calculated to test the effect of the resin composite on human dental plaque microcosm biofilm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incorporation of nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers with as much as 15% concentration into the resin composite showed no adverse effect on the mechanical properties of the resin composite (P > 0.05). Resin composite containing 5% or more nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers significantly inhibited the metabolic activity of dental plaque microcosm biofilm, suggesting its strong antibacterial potency (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This novel resin composite exhibited a strong antibacterial property upon the addition of up to 5% nano-antibacterial inorganic fillers, thereby leading to effective caries inhibition in dental application.</p>
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Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Biofilms , Composite Resins , Chemistry , Dental Caries , Dental Plaque , Lactic Acid , Quaternary Ammonium Compounds , Pharmacology , SalivaABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop novel self- healing and antibacterial resin composite containing microcapsules filled with polymerizable healing monomer, and to measure its properties for further clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Microcapsules filled with healing monomer of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate were synthesized according to methods introduced in the previous research. Microcapsules were added into novel resin composite containing nano-antibacterial silica fillers grafted with long chain alkyl quaternary ammonium at mass fractions of 0, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5% or 10.0%. A commercial resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram) was used as control. Flexural test was used to measure resin composite flexural strength and elastic modulus. The single edge V-notched beam method was used to measure fracture toughness and self-healing efficiency. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to examine the fractured surface of selected specimen for investigation of fracture mechanisms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The flexural strength and elastic modulus of the resin composite were (96.4 ± 14.3) MPa and (6.2 ± 1.1) GPa respectively after incorporation of microcapsules up to 7.5%, and no significant difference was found between the experimental group and the control group [(99.1 ± 11.9) MPa and (6.1 ± 1.1) GPa] (P>0.05). The self-healing efficiency of (66.8 ± 7.0)% and (79.3 ± 9.7)% were achieved for resin composite with microcapsule mass fractions at 7.5% and 10.0%. SEM image showed that irregular films covered the fractured surface. Conclusions This novel self-healing and antibacterial resin composite containing microcapsules filled with polymerizable healing monomer exhibited a promising self- healing ability, which enabled itself well up for combating bulk fracture and secondary caries in clinical application.</p>
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Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate , Capsules , Composite Resins , Chemistry , Drug Compounding , Methods , Elastic Modulus , Microscopy, Electrochemical, Scanning , Polyethylene Glycols , Chemistry , Polymerization , Polymethacrylic Acids , Chemistry , Silicon DioxideABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Autologous bone marrow is the only tissue that contains abundant osteoinductive osteogenitor cells and is the first-choice transplantation materials for treatment of bone nonunion. Artificial bone with osteoinductive capacity can provide a supporting effect for the in-growth of osteocytes. Iliac periosteum can be used for treatment of bone nonunion due to the advantages including abundant blood circulation, easy harvesting, and able to improve local arterial blood supply. BJECTIVE: To treat refractory bone nonunion in limbs using artificial bone with autologous bone marrow combined with iliac periosteum transplantation, and to compare the therapeutic efficacy to artificial bone with autologous bone marrow transplantation and simple iliac periosterum transplantation. METHOD: Thirty-nine refractory bone nonunion limbs from 36 patients were assigned to three groups: artificial bone with autologous bone marrow combined with iliac periosteum transplantation (combination group, n = 19), artificial bone with autologous bone marrow (bone marrow group, n = 9), and autologous iliac periosteum (iliac periosteum group, n = 11). The time for bone healing, limb function score 1 month after fixture removal, and postoperative X-ray score were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All initial 39 limbs acquired bone union and were followed up for an average period of 18.5 months. The combination group yielded better therapeutic effects than the bone marrow group and the iliac periosteum group in terms of the time for bone healing, limb function score 1 month after fixture removal, and postoperative X-ray score (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that artificial bone with autologous bone marrow combined with iliac periosteum transplantation exhibits better clinical therapeutic effects in treatment of refractory bone nonunion in limbs.
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Objective To evaluate the strictness and self-consistency of the charge nurses in the nurses examination using venipunctnre trocar operation as research object.Methods FACETS,the polyhedral Rasch software was used in the examination.Results The strictness and self-consistency of charge nurses were evidently different.Conclusions The variable strictness and self-consistency of the charge nurses in the examination leads to unreliability of the results.Developing a scientific and reliable evaluation system is essential to improve the ability of the teaching nurses and the student nurses as well as the hospital nursing quality.
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The degradable performance and bio-mineralization function of PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds in vitro and in vivo were systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectra showed that there was the deposition of bone-like carbonate hydroxyapatite on the surface of scaffolds. We found that the weight of scaffolds did not always decrease with the prolongation of time in vitro. At the same time, we found that after the PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds were embedded in skulls of rhesus monkeys, the new bone area reached 75% at the 12th week. Histological observation showed that the new bones were rebuilt and knitted bones were formed at the 12th week. These findings meant that the PLA-PEG-PLA/PLA tissue engineering scaffolds were potential in clinical use.
Subject(s)
Animals , Biocompatible Materials , Chemistry , Bone Regeneration , Bone Substitutes , Chemistry , Implants, Experimental , Macaca mulatta , Polyethylene Glycols , Chemistry , Polymers , Chemistry , Skull , Physiology , Tissue Engineering , Methods , Tissue Scaffolds , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective To compare the efficacies and indications of locking compression plate (LCP) and external fixator plus Kirschner wires in treatment of complex intra-articular fracture of the dis-tal radius. Methods Ninety-eight patients with complex intra-articular fractures of the distal radius were treated with volar LCP or external fixator plus Kirschner wires, the efficacies of which were evaluated by comparing the grasping force and wrist function of the patients. Results All the patients were fol-lowed up for an average of 12.4 months, which showed fracture healing in all the patients. According to the wrist function assessment system of New York Orthopedic Hospital (1990), there was no statistical difference in the efficacy of LCP and external f'lxator plus Kirschner wires in treatment of types C1 or C2 fractures (P > 0.05), while the efficacy of external fixator plus Kirschner wires was significantly superior to that of LCP in treating type C3 fracture (P < 0.05). Conclusions For types C1 or C2 intra-articu-lar fractures of the distal radius, the efficacies of LCP and external fixator plus Kirschner wires are simi-lar, while the efficacy of external fixator plus Kirschner wires is superior to that of LCP in treating type C3 intra-articular fracture of the distal radius.
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Objective To evaluate the primary result of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation(PF-NA)in treating osteoporotic intertrochanterie fractures. Methods Between March 2006 and August 2007.PFNA or Gamma nail intemal fixation were performed in 31 patients with osteoporotic intertrochan-tefie fractures.of whom were 19 males and 12 females at a mean age of 75.6 years(45-89 years).Ac-cording to AO classification,there were 8 type A1 fractures,16 type A2 fractures and 7 type A3 fractures.Aeearding to Evans-Jensen classification.18 cases were rated as Evans Ⅱ and 13 as Evans II.AIl frac-tares were closed ones and 6 patients were combined with internal diseases.PFNA was implanted throush a mini-incision without exposure of the fracture section during operation in 12 patients. Results Of all.6 patients received emergency operation,19 did operation within 3 days and 6 waited for selective op-eration(5-7 days)after controlling internal diseases.PFNA had shorter operation time,less hlool loss and shorter union time compared with Gamma nail(P＜0.05).No complications such as infection,non-union or loosening of nails were found.According to HarriS hip rate scale system,the excellence rate of PFNA was 83.4%and that of Gamma nail 73.7%. Conclusion PFNA is a good choice to treat osteo-perotie intertrochanteric fractures.owing to its advantages of stable fixation,minor trauma,eaSy opera-tion.short operation time,little bleeding,minor lOSS of selerotin and early exercise.
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From July 2006 to April 2008,103 patients(107 hips) undergoing first total hip arthroplasty(THA) were selected from Department of Bone and Joint Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College.According to treatment methods,minimally invasive group(47 cases,47 hips) including 15 cases(15 hips) of necrosis of the femoral head,28 cases(28 hips) of femoral neck fracture,and 4 cases(4 hips) of osteoarthritis,were treated with small posterior skin incision and cementless prosthesis;the routine group(56 cases,60 hips) underwent routine THA.The blood loss,incision length,pain,functional recovery,length of stay,and perioperative complications were recorded.103 patients were followed up,of which minimally invasive THA was followed up for 3-11 months,and routine group followed up for 7-22 months.In the minimally invasive THA group,the patients had less blood loss(P 0.05).The results show that minimally invasive THA has the advantages of less complication,shorter hospital stay,slighter pain and faster function recovery compared to routine THA.
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This paper reviews recent work on biodegradable and bioabsorbable materials, including macromolecular, inorganic, and compound materials which have been used as bone-repaired devices. The properties and uses of poly(lactic acid), chitin and tricalcium phosphate are expounded. At the same time, we discuss the trend in the development of biodegradable and bioabsorbable bone-repaired materials. In our opinion, the development of biodegradable and bioabsorbable bone-repaired materials forcuses on the composite of different materials, especially the composite of BMP and MSCs; on the improvement of the mechanical properties of materials; and on the search for new suitable materials.
Subject(s)
Absorbable Implants , Bone Substitutes , Calcium Phosphates , Lactic Acid , Materials Testing , Polyesters , PolymersABSTRACT
Objective: To develop a method to determine the content of a atractylenolideⅠ in Xiangshayangwei Pills. Methods: Reverse Phase HPLC was used to determine the content of atractylenolideⅠ in Xiangshayangwei Pills. The separation was performed on YWG ODS column with methol water (60∶40) as a mobile phase and the wavelength of UV detector was 220nm. Results: The linearity of this method was well with the average recovery of 99.54%. Conclusion: The method is simple, reliable, and sensitive. It also shows good separating degree. It can be used in quality controll of Xiangshayangwei Pills.